Following the Allies success at El Alamein, the war in the desert became the retreat of the Afrika Korps and Italian forces and also the first joint Anglo-American land operation of the war. In April 1943, the Allies began offensive with a series of battles in Tunisia that were fought not only treacherous mountainous terrain, but also on the narrow coastal plains. It was the climax of campaign that allies began from the Suez Canal and ended up on the Atlantic coast. It was also the signal of the end for the German campaign in North Africa, especially for its unfortunate Commander General Hans von Arnim. General Harold Alexander was going to be his opponent in the last onslaught of the Allies to push the Axis forces out of Africa.
